Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease that causes bones to weaken and become brittle, increasing the risk of fractures. It occurs when bone mass and mineral density decrease, leading to structural deterioration. The condition is often called a "silent disease" because it progresses without symptoms until a fracture occurs.
Healthy bones constantly undergo a process of renewal, where old bone is broken down and new bone is formed. With osteoporosis, bone loss occurs faster than bone formation, making bones weak and fragile. The most commonly affected areas include:
Osteoporosis develops due to a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and medical factors that influence bone density.
Osteoporosis does not typically cause noticeable symptoms until bone fractures occur. However, signs may include:
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience:
If left untreated, osteoporosis can lead to serious complications:
A bone mineral density (BMD) test measures bone strength and predicts fracture risk. It is recommended for:
Although osteoporosis is more common in women due to hormonal changes, men are also at risk. Aging, low testosterone levels, and medical conditions can contribute to osteoporosis in men. Regular screening and preventive care are crucial for both genders.
Back pain, height loss, and frequent fractures are early indicators.
Postmenopausal women, elderly individuals, and those with a family history of osteoporosis.
While osteoporosis cannot be fully reversed, treatment can slow bone loss and improve strength.
Adults need approximately 1,200 mg of calcium per day for optimal bone health.
Yes, a healthy diet, regular exercise, and lifestyle changes can help prevent osteoporosis.
Limit caffeine, alcohol, and high-sodium foods as they can reduce bone density.
Yes, though more common in women, men can also develop osteoporosis.
Weight-bearing exercises stimulate bone growth and maintain bone mass.
Every 2–3 years if at risk or as advised by your doctor.
Osteoporosis affects bones, not joints, but fractures can lead to chronic pain.
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